Guinea moves closer to civilian rule with new draft constitution

Guinea’s transitional government has presented a draft constitution to the head of the transition, General Mamady Doumbouya. The presentation aired on national television this week, marks a potential turning point in the country’s path back to civilian rule, more than three years after a military coup brought the current junta to power.

The draft constitution is expected to be put to a public referendum in September 2025, a move many observers see as a first step toward restoring democratic governance.

While the draft is largely similar to previous versions, it introduces some notable changes. Most significantly, presidential terms would increase from five to seven years, with a limit of two terms. However, a specific clause that previously barred any individual from serving more than two presidential terms in their lifetime was reportedly removed before the document was submitted to General Doumbouya.

The proposed constitution also includes the creation of a Senate, with one-third of its members to be appointed directly by the head of state. This has raised concerns about the potential concentration of power.

Guinea has been under military rule since 2021, when President Alpha Condé was overthrown in a coup. Since, the country’s return to democratic governance has faced several delays. The transitional government has been criticised for dissolving dozens of political parties and failing to meet earlier commitments to hold elections.

In May 2025, Prime Minister Amadou Oury Bah announced that national elections would be held in December, following the constitutional referendum. If the government follows through, it would mark Guinea’s long-awaited return to constitutional rule.

The months ahead will be crucial. The success of the referendum and the credibility of the planned elections will determine whether this draft becomes a true foundation for democracy or another missed opportunity in Guinea’s political transition.